الأربعاء، 4 يوليو 2012
Analog Inputs and Outputs
Analog Inputs and Outputs
Analog inputs and outputs are continuous, variable signals.
Typical analog signals vary from 0 to 20 milliamps, 4 to
20 milliamps, or 0 to 10 volts.
In the following example, a level transmitter monitors the level
of liquid in a storage tank and sends an analog signal to a PLC
input. An analog output from the PLC sends an analog signal to
a panel meter calibrated to show the level of liquid in the tank.
Two other analog outputs, not shown here, are connected to
current-to-pneumatic transducers that control air-operated flowcontrol
valves. This allows the PLC to automatically control the
flow of liquid into and out of the storage tank.
Typical analog signals vary from 0 to 20 milliamps, 4 to
20 milliamps, or 0 to 10 volts.
In the following example, a level transmitter monitors the level
of liquid in a storage tank and sends an analog signal to a PLC
input. An analog output from the PLC sends an analog signal to
a panel meter calibrated to show the level of liquid in the tank.
Two other analog outputs, not shown here, are connected to
current-to-pneumatic transducers that control air-operated flowcontrol
valves. This allows the PLC to automatically control the
flow of liquid into and out of the storage tank.
PLC Scan
The PLC program is executed as part of a repetitive process
referred to as a scan. A PLC scan starts with the CPU
reading the status of inputs. Next, the application program is
executed. Then, the CPU performs internal diagnostics and
communication tasks. Finally, the CPU updates the status of
outputs. This process repeats as long as the CPU in the run
mode. The time required to complete a scan depends on the
size of the program, the number of I/Os, and the amount of
communication required.
referred to as a scan. A PLC scan starts with the CPU
reading the status of inputs. Next, the application program is
executed. Then, the CPU performs internal diagnostics and
communication tasks. Finally, the CPU updates the status of
outputs. This process repeats as long as the CPU in the run
mode. The time required to complete a scan depends on the
size of the program, the number of I/Os, and the amount of
communication required.
Actuators
Actuators are devices that convert an electrical signal from a
controller, such as a PLC, into a physical condition. Actuators are
connected to the PLC output. A motor starter is one example of
an actuator that is often connected to a PLC output. Depending
on the status of the PLC output, the motor starter either
provides power to the motor or prevents power from flowing to
the motor.
controller, such as a PLC, into a physical condition. Actuators are
connected to the PLC output. A motor starter is one example of
an actuator that is often connected to a PLC output. Depending
on the status of the PLC output, the motor starter either
provides power to the motor or prevents power from flowing to
the motor.
Sensors
Sensors are devices that convert a physical condition into an
electrical signal for use by a controller, such as a PLC. Sensors
are connected to the input of a PLC. A pushbutton is one
example of a sensor that is often connected to a PLC input. An
electrical signal indicating the condition (open or closed) of the
pushbutton contacts is sent from the pushbutton to the PLC.
electrical signal for use by a controller, such as a PLC. Sensors
are connected to the input of a PLC. A pushbutton is one
example of a sensor that is often connected to a PLC input. An
electrical signal indicating the condition (open or closed) of the
pushbutton contacts is sent from the pushbutton to the PLC.
Scada
(Scada)
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
A supervisory control and data collection.
And that as is well known there are many companies that have the equipment
Control to which they relate, so each company, it is the (scada) which
Of their own and despite the large number of these companies and the breadth of the (scada)
Are very similar to have, but each company software programs
Their own, as it has become today and you can place you are sitting on the
Computer in the lab that monitors and inspects all the equipment and all
Events, data collection and interaction with, and you can also
Operated and separating equipment and see the course of its work in theory and as if you
Next to it, and see the faults on the computer, as well as work programs
Immediate warning in the event of faults and follow-up very quickly, and if
Needed to link the warning device cell phone.
Where this technique has become present in all the modern facilities of
(Factories, hotels, ships, submarines, and aircraft, and facilities
Industrial, etc.)
This technique consists of programs designed to draw diagrams similar to
The existing situation of such facilities in the rooms Almoakn (ie, drawing
Motors, pumps, basins, pipes draw match
In fact, his image in it, and draw all exits
(Outputs) and entrances (inputs) so as to compensate for exits
Orders are similar to reality (on) (off) or word (ÔŰÇá, Detached)
If the exits and entrances of any logical (digital), if either
The entrances and exits of any analog (analog) Faismm ties
Such as symmetry, (from - and to) are placed so that the value of small and value
Represent a great value given by the (exits) and (Portlets) analogue,
Possible and that these relations in the form of numbers or in the form of fee
My mobile (ie, relative).
As these companies draw a wide variety of Alawamarwalrsumaat
Images representing the motors, pumps, pipes and basins
And Alhawwabs, fans and all Maiktr to mind of the devices,
And equipment, so you choose the appropriate fee to the tool you want
And put them in the right place in the scheme, and also there are programs
Such as the
(Paint) can be used directly in the formulation of this scheme
Accurate way to suit the ground.
And there is a lot of places designed for these devices shall be binding
Including through the protocols, these companies
Designed to transfer the information collected to extract them and the way that
Institutions used to fit these programs.
This facility is a file for the company (direct soft) is called
(Lockout direct) mimic the reality in which we spoke this curse.
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
A supervisory control and data collection.
And that as is well known there are many companies that have the equipment
Control to which they relate, so each company, it is the (scada) which
Of their own and despite the large number of these companies and the breadth of the (scada)
Are very similar to have, but each company software programs
Their own, as it has become today and you can place you are sitting on the
Computer in the lab that monitors and inspects all the equipment and all
Events, data collection and interaction with, and you can also
Operated and separating equipment and see the course of its work in theory and as if you
Next to it, and see the faults on the computer, as well as work programs
Immediate warning in the event of faults and follow-up very quickly, and if
Needed to link the warning device cell phone.
Where this technique has become present in all the modern facilities of
(Factories, hotels, ships, submarines, and aircraft, and facilities
Industrial, etc.)
This technique consists of programs designed to draw diagrams similar to
The existing situation of such facilities in the rooms Almoakn (ie, drawing
Motors, pumps, basins, pipes draw match
In fact, his image in it, and draw all exits
(Outputs) and entrances (inputs) so as to compensate for exits
Orders are similar to reality (on) (off) or word (ÔŰÇá, Detached)
If the exits and entrances of any logical (digital), if either
The entrances and exits of any analog (analog) Faismm ties
Such as symmetry, (from - and to) are placed so that the value of small and value
Represent a great value given by the (exits) and (Portlets) analogue,
Possible and that these relations in the form of numbers or in the form of fee
My mobile (ie, relative).
As these companies draw a wide variety of Alawamarwalrsumaat
Images representing the motors, pumps, pipes and basins
And Alhawwabs, fans and all Maiktr to mind of the devices,
And equipment, so you choose the appropriate fee to the tool you want
And put them in the right place in the scheme, and also there are programs
Such as the
(Paint) can be used directly in the formulation of this scheme
Accurate way to suit the ground.
And there is a lot of places designed for these devices shall be binding
Including through the protocols, these companies
Designed to transfer the information collected to extract them and the way that
Institutions used to fit these programs.
This facility is a file for the company (direct soft) is called
(Lockout direct) mimic the reality in which we spoke this curse.
الاثنين، 2 يوليو 2012
Different means for programming the PLC devices
Different means for programming the PLC devices
Different means for programming the PLC devices
Are programming in several ways, including:
1 - a special programming device enters the program within the memory device.
2 - through a screen and a bunch of keys on the front of the device.
3 - through a program that is downloaded from your computer.
Are programming in several ways, including:
1 - a special programming device enters the program within the memory device.
2 - through a screen and a bunch of keys on the front of the device.
3 - through a program that is downloaded from your computer.
Programming the PLC
Programming the PLC
There are several languages used to program the device from within the PLC and programming languages commonly used:
• the planned program of peaceful Ladder diagram:
And is of the most widely used languages in the organs plc because it looks like Palmrhlat and control codes can be used by technicians and engineers easily as it is a Mahmoah successive symbols that show the flow of electric current to perform the desired function.
For example, and restart the engine with two switches
• Program Statement list / STL
And is a collection of commands that are understood by the computer.
• Program Function blck diagram
There are several languages used to program the device from within the PLC and programming languages commonly used:
• the planned program of peaceful Ladder diagram:
And is of the most widely used languages in the organs plc because it looks like Palmrhlat and control codes can be used by technicians and engineers easily as it is a Mahmoah successive symbols that show the flow of electric current to perform the desired function.
For example, and restart the engine with two switches
• Program Statement list / STL
And is a collection of commands that are understood by the computer.
• Program Function blck diagram
Component unit of the PLC
Component unit of the PLC
Unit is composed of the PLC of the following main components:
1. Unit income Input module
2. CPU CPU
3. Unit Output Output module
4. Power source unit Power supply unit
5. Unit Operator Operator unit
6. Device programming Programming Device
Unit is composed of the PLC of the following main components:
1. Unit income Input module
2. CPU CPU
3. Unit Output Output module
4. Power source unit Power supply unit
5. Unit Operator Operator unit
6. Device programming Programming Device
Characteristics of the PLC unit
Characteristics of the PLC unit
1. Size is small.
2. Ease and speed of changes in the work of the control system
3. Control system and integrated detection errors
4. Control system and document the immediate and ongoing basis.
5. Low cost.
2. Ease and speed of changes in the work of the control system
3. Control system and integrated detection errors
4. Control system and document the immediate and ongoing basis.
5. Low cost.
What is the PLC
What is the PLC:
PLC stands for PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER This means controlling the logical programmer, a device was developed to replace the electric control the traditional uses Altaymrat and Rilhat and Alquintactorat and counters, etc., all in order to control the machinery and machine tools, for example packaging machines in the factories.
The device of the PLC in view of the entrances to the INPUT and depending on the condition of ON / OFF 0/1 and through the program in the PLC within the control Palmforeig OUTPUT see Fig.
The user will usually enter the program by a special program the PLC to your user, but ultimately do the same work required.
The devices of the PLC used a lot in life, wherever there is industry there is a PLC in the industry.
To clarify the picture is much more we all know it is light signals to control a signal light and one that is, on the assumption that the reference be red and then yellow, then green for control so we need three Taymrat to do it.
But what if we want to control a crossroads in four directions Can you imagine how much we need to control Altaymrat so, so as you can see the more control the more the need for a larger PLC.
PLC stands for PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER This means controlling the logical programmer, a device was developed to replace the electric control the traditional uses Altaymrat and Rilhat and Alquintactorat and counters, etc., all in order to control the machinery and machine tools, for example packaging machines in the factories.
The device of the PLC in view of the entrances to the INPUT and depending on the condition of ON / OFF 0/1 and through the program in the PLC within the control Palmforeig OUTPUT see Fig.
The user will usually enter the program by a special program the PLC to your user, but ultimately do the same work required.
The devices of the PLC used a lot in life, wherever there is industry there is a PLC in the industry.
To clarify the picture is much more we all know it is light signals to control a signal light and one that is, on the assumption that the reference be red and then yellow, then green for control so we need three Taymrat to do it.
But what if we want to control a crossroads in four directions Can you imagine how much we need to control Altaymrat so, so as you can see the more control the more the need for a larger PLC.
What are the basic elements of a system of automatic control?
What are the basic elements of a system of automatic control?
If we reviewed the drawing shown in Figure 2 in Fsnlahz that there are four key elements of the department of any automated system can be broken down as follows:
• Measurement of measurement
• actuator final Final Actuator
• The Process process
• Automated ruling The Automatic controller
Here we will describe a simplified for each item separately:
Measurement Measurement
Output is measured to determine the present value of the variable that is controlled, such as pressure or temperature or level ...... etc. and uses the measuring device converts the value to the physical value of the electrical record Standard Values for the governor can deal with them examples of normative values or standard 0to 20 mA or 4-20 mA or 0-10v .... etc
Indicates the change in the electrical signal measured on the physical change in the value that people want to control.
And measurement is essential to complete the control must therefore be calibrated measuring device and not by any defect or else will be making decisions or actions of the ruling will not be telling the truth and lead to disorder and instability of the system.
Actuator final Final Actuator
Each process must be the final player Final actuator, a mechanical part, which is controlled electrically to the work of the organization or toning to change the value measured Feed Back signal to reach stability. Examples include servo drives and motors move .... etc.
If we reviewed the drawing shown in Figure 2 in Fsnlahz that there are four key elements of the department of any automated system can be broken down as follows:
• Measurement of measurement
• actuator final Final Actuator
• The Process process
• Automated ruling The Automatic controller
Here we will describe a simplified for each item separately:
Measurement Measurement
Output is measured to determine the present value of the variable that is controlled, such as pressure or temperature or level ...... etc. and uses the measuring device converts the value to the physical value of the electrical record Standard Values for the governor can deal with them examples of normative values or standard 0to 20 mA or 4-20 mA or 0-10v .... etc
Indicates the change in the electrical signal measured on the physical change in the value that people want to control.
And measurement is essential to complete the control must therefore be calibrated measuring device and not by any defect or else will be making decisions or actions of the ruling will not be telling the truth and lead to disorder and instability of the system.
Actuator final Final Actuator
Each process must be the final player Final actuator, a mechanical part, which is controlled electrically to the work of the organization or toning to change the value measured Feed Back signal to reach stability. Examples include servo drives and motors move .... etc.
What do we mean automatic control?
When there is a system that works automatically, the first thing that comes to mind is that there is a way of feeding back or reverse, or what is known as PAL Feed Back a signal from the output system are connected to controller Controller for adjustment of status to achieve the desired goal of course other than what can be used from this reference in other services such as registration or Recording of measurement measuring or Monitoring or statement analysis Analyzing ..
Examples include references reflect the pressure Pressure, Flow Flow, Level Level, moisture or acid etc. ..... of physical quantities that can be converted to electrical quantities Kalfolt Amp and using what is known as PAL Signal Transducers and transmitters Transmitters.
This is the stone foundation and backbone that will build upon our conversation for automatic control.
The basic idea of the closed control system Closed loop Control System built primarily
Examples include references reflect the pressure Pressure, Flow Flow, Level Level, moisture or acid etc. ..... of physical quantities that can be converted to electrical quantities Kalfolt Amp and using what is known as PAL Signal Transducers and transmitters Transmitters.
This is the stone foundation and backbone that will build upon our conversation for automatic control.
The basic idea of the closed control system Closed loop Control System built primarily
The contents of the control panel before plc
The contents of the control panel before plc
relay contactor switch timer counter sensors
relay contactor switch timer counter sensors
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